定義: - 副詞是句子中用來修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞的字,也可用來修飾名詞、片語、子句或整個句子。
副詞用法: 修飾動詞:
- He walks quietly.
- He drives slowly.
修飾形容詞:
- That is too bad.
- She is very pretty.
修飾副詞:
- She runs very fast.
- He speak English very well.
修飾片語:
- The accident happened just now.
- They arrived exactly at ten.
修飾子句:
- She was born soon after her father went abroad.
- We went out soon after we had finished our work.
修飾句子:
- Luckily, we won the game.
- Unfortunately, it rained all day.
副詞種類: 時間副詞:
today, tomorrow, yesterday, this week, this Sunday, the other day, this month, last night, the night before last, last week, last year, before等- I get up early.
- I have already done my homework.
地方副詞:
here, there, near, far, downstairs, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, home, abroad等- We go there.
- I have seen you somewhere before.
頻率副詞:
always, usually, generally, often, once, twice, many, several times, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, annually等- We often go to the movies.
- We visit them twice a week.
程度副詞:
very, much, little, more, less, most, enough, too, just, entirely, rather, fairly, somewhat, almost, hardly, only等- He feels much better today.
- He only listens to his mother.
否定副詞:
no, never, barely, rarely, hardly等- She has little time to eat her lunch.
- She hardly visits us when she came.
情狀副詞:
well, hard, fast, slow, quickly, slowly, really等- He did his homework well.
- He studies harder than I do.
普通副詞:
together, well, carefully等- I keep my books all together, so they're easy to find.
- The nurse looks after the babies carefully.
疑問副詞:
when, where, how, why等- Where does she live?
- How do you go to school?
連接副詞:
therefore, furthermore, however, otherwise, besides, in addition等- I worked very hard; therefore, I got promoted.
- I don't want to go there, furthermore, I have no time to do so.
關係副詞:
where, when, why, how等- Where there is a will, there is a way.
- Tell me the reason why you didn't attend school.
比較等級: - 副詞中的情狀副詞有三級的變化(形容詞中也有性狀形容詞和一些數量形容詞三級的變化)
原級:
既未變化的副詞原形,例如:fast, sweetly, hardly等,用 as … as, so … as 比較。
A + V + as adv as + B → A和B 一樣~- She runs as fast as he in this class.
- I work as hard as John does.
比較級:
既副詞-er或more+副詞,例如:faster, more sweetly等,用 … than … 比較。
A + V + adv-er / more adv + than B → A比B還~- She runs faster of the two.
- I learned more quickly than he did.
最高級:
既副詞-est或most+副詞,例如:fastest, most sweetly等。
A + V + the most / the best / adv-est → A最~- I run fastest in the team.
- He sings most sweetly in his class.
三級的變化: 規則變化:
單音節及大部分的兩音節副詞+er→比較級,+est→最高級原級 比較級 最高級 fast faster fastest hard harder hardest
兩個以上音節用more+副詞→比較級,most+副詞→最高級原級 比較級 最高級 often more often most often carefully more carefully most carefully kindly more kindly most kindly
不規則變化:
原級 比較級 最高級 little littler littlest far farther farthest
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